Explanation to Avert Surprise

Most explanation schemes are reactive and informational: explanations are provided in response to specific user queries and focus on making the system’s reasoning more transparent. In mixed autonomy settings that involve teams of humans and autonomous agents, proactive explanation that anticipates and preempts potential surprises can be particularly valuable. By providing timely, succinct, and context-sensitive explanations, autonomous agents can avoid perceived faulty behavior and the consequent erosion of trust, enabling more fluid collaboration. We present an explanation framework based on the notion of explanation drivers—i.e., the intent or purpose behind agent explanations. We focus on explanations meant to reconcile expectation violations and enumerate a set of triggers for proactive explanation. Most work on explainable AI focuses on intelligibility; investigating explanation in mixed autonomy settings helps illuminate other important explainability issues such as purpose, timing, and impact. Author